Among services, the regulating and cultural services were perceived as being of greater importance than provisioning services; provision of timber and energy feedstocks were each seen as being significantly less important than each of the other services (with the exception of flood regulation).
The legume family is the second most important crop family as a human food source after cereals and in addition provides scores of other products including fodder and feedstock, valuable timber, vegetable oil, bio-fuels, important medicines and even poisons [ 1].
As a rapid growth species, vegetative growth leads to higher production of plant biomass [ 24], thus poplars are considered as feedstocks for bioenergy and timber [ 25, 26].
Mr. Bowles also called for clear definitions of "residues" and "waste wood" — that is, the branches and other debris, left behind after timber and agricultural harvests, that provide the primary feedstock for many biomass plants.
Six of these were analyzed in this study; water flow regulation, water quality regulation, greenhouse gas regulation, scenic beauty, provision of timber products, and provision of firewood and other energy feedstocks.
Feedstock includes grasses and bamboos as well as timber.
In comparison to timber and fruit as tree products from those systems, the option as feedstock for bioenergy appears to be less developed.
In both cases the feedstock is chippings and other leftovers from forestry and timber-mills.
To assess this tradeoff, the landscape area affected by feedstock harvest must be considered, which depends on numerous factors including forest productivity, the amount of forest in a fragmented landscape, and the willingness of forest landowners to sell timber as a bioenergy feedstock.
Two of the main sources of bioenergy feedstock from forests are (i) harvesting residue and (ii) dead wood resulting from natural disturbances (i.e. standing dead timber).
