As it confronts ongoing problems of representation, equity and legitimacy, ACOFOP now encourages associated community forest concessions to diversify beyond commercial timber into collectively organized non-timber forest activities.
In the area of local economic benefits, the four case studies perform similarly, with some of the strongest benefits being in employment creation, especially for those case studies that offer non-timber activities such as recreation and education.
Forest activities include hunting, collecting non-timber forest products, and timber.
Finally, some Type 4 communities have become nearly independent of external non-government actors, forming their own staff that carries out timber extraction activities and contracts with NGOs for some community development activities.
However, ongoing monitoring and evaluation are necessary to ensure that timber harvesting activities remain benign in the face of a changing climate, possible increased mortality from introduced predators, disease, and further declines in the abundance of this critically endangered marsupial.
Members and non-members differed little in terms of perceived benefits of forest ownership, concerns over potential barriers to management, recent timber harvest activities and confidence in their management skills.
Tax Management for Timberland Owners - The National Timber Tax Website was developed to be used by timberland owners, as well as a reference for accountants, attorneys, consulting foresters and other professionals who work with timberland owners regarding the tax treatment of timber related activities.
The judge's decision says the court is "unable to discern what actions, if any, it [Gwaii] took to prevent or ameliorate the damage to fish habitat caused by the timber harvesting activities".
Some NGOs employ foresters or contract forestry work to trusted private foresters, and thus also perform timber extraction activities.
As local capacity grew, the community formed a union with three other communities in the region and took on complete responsibility for timber extraction activities.
