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Within this subgenus there appears to be remarkably tight host species specificity, with some Laverania species infecting chimpanzees and others gorillas, even when the two are sympatric (Liu et al., 2010).
If a tight host association exists, closely related species tend to attack closely related hosts; host associations are less stable if associations are determined by more plastic traits like parasitoid searching and oviposition behaviour.
If tight host restriction to nonmigratory H. cf. ruber bats existed, this would indicate an origin of hCoV-229E within the geographic range of its host, i.e., the rainforest belt and the wet forested savannahs of sub-Saharan Africa (23 ).
Despite the statistical limitations of our rather small sample size, the absence of CoV in bats of the closely related species H. abae that were tested in our study in two different caves speaks in favour of tight host restriction.
Similar(56)
However, although some plasticity does exist, these effects are always reversible, suggesting that a tight host-to-microbiota relationship has been established during the neonatal life where the host shapes the microbiota and vice versa [ 27].
The more TEs are silenced, the more that they are transcribed and the tighter host control becomes.
Albeit based on a very small sample size, the tighter host association displayed by L. agrippinae might explain why we found distinct mtDNA lineages for L. agrippinae on Rhabdomys spp., but no differentiation in C. rossi in the contact zone.
In the tight the hosts also displayed an edge, profiting from the game's revamped scrum laws.
The Bulldogs banked their 15th win of the season but remain in a tight race to host a final.
It has been used by some as evidence that security in South Africa is not tight enough to host tens of thousands of football supporters, but other commentators have pointed out, quite rightly, that pilfering from hotel rooms is hardly peculiar to South Africa.
A hallmark of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication cycle is its tight link with host cell lipid synthesis.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com