The results show that the interaction between the upper and the lower tiers not only influences the performance of the lower tier, but also that of the upper tier, resulting in large horizontal deformations in the upper tier and strains in reinforcement that can depart significantly from what might be anticipated.
The central lowland, benefiting from the shelter provided by mountains in the northwest, is a rich agricultural zone with a characteristic two-tier cultivation; olives, figs, apricots, oranges, and almond trees form the upper tier, and the lower tier consists of cereals, alfalfa, and legumes.
Although overall morphologies of top and bottom tier plates were different due to lighting differences, each of the upper tier plates (2, 4 and 6) and each of the lower tier plates (1 and 5 shown) displayed the same basic patterns representative of their position relative to the light source.
The indices of ventilation efficiency express quantitatively the ability to deliver fresh upper-tier wind to the lower tiers of void spaces and dilute pollutants emitted therein.
Controlled model ecosystem field experiments are proposed as a highest experimental tier, and are required for the calibration of the lower tiers.
Furthermore, the FHWA design guidelines do not account for the influence of the lower tier on the upper tier that was observed in this study.
It shows: Sweden's GDP per capita is relatively high, but the average disposable income is in the bottom tier of Europe, lower than some southern countries such as Italy.
Half of their remaining schedule consists of games against the lower tier of the A.L. East -- Baltimore, Toronto and Tampa Bay.
Seton Hall, like any other team in the lower tier of the Big East Conference, has designs on being the next Boston College.
