However, presence of such fragments within introns both enlarge their size (thus likely challenging splicing) and enhance chances for the emergence of cryptic promoters (thus challenging proper transcription).
They tend to attract the most talented teachers to the most challenging classrooms and the most capable school leaders to the most disadvantaged schools, thus challenging all students with high standards and excellent teaching.
And not only about formal qualities, but about the 'edginess' of using a urinal and thus challenging bourgeois art".
Life in contemporary Cuba is thus challenging, given the limited access to food, transportation, electrical power, and other necessities.
The alternative for the workers is to strike, thus challenging the companies in their stated determination to relocate — in effect, calling their bluff.
And farther south, religious revolutionaries have appointed themselves emirs, or commanders, thus challenging the country's only lawful commander of the faithful, King Hassan.
This, in a way, is cubist music – where musical materials slice into one another, interact and superimpose with the most brutal edges, thus challenging the musical perspective and logic that had dominated European ears for centuries.
Of particular concern were provisions that called for rights to be enjoyed in a "balanced" way, subject to "national and regional contexts" and deferential to "different cultural, religious and historical backgrounds," thus challenging the quintessential universality of human rights.
From experiments inspired by the theories of James Rainwater and conducted in collaboration with Ben R. Mottelson in the early 1950s, Bohr discovered that the motion of subatomic particles can distort the shape of the nucleus, thus challenging the widely accepted theory that all nuclei are perfectly spherical.
To evaluate the quality of a restoration method on this kind of images is, thus, challenging.
However, particle based pharmaceuticals are complex and thus challenging to scale up.
