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High concentrations of PL n-6 PUFA throughout hibernation are in line with their hypothesized function of boosting SERCA 2a activity at low Tb.
Mite abundance subsequently strongly decreases in autumn and throughout hibernation, and it is supposed that they are not able to reproduce during this time [ 25].
Food and water were provided ad libitum until torpor was observed (typically within one week), at which time food was withdrawn, because this species does not eat throughout hibernation season.
Unlike small animals (<5 kg) such as hamsters, ground squirrels, and marmots, that reach body temperatures near 0°C during torpor, hibernating black bears (30-200 kg) maintain core body temperatures above 30°C [ 7] and remain capable of moving throughout hibernation [ 8].
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The mRNA expression level of proopiomelanocortin (a precursor of β-endorphin) on ARC did not change throughout the hibernation phase.
Our results from monitoring one site throughout the hibernation period over two consecutive years as well as reported cases from multiple sites in multiple years show that bats with fungal growth are first seen in January, the number of cases slowly increases into February and peaks in March, then in April when bats emerge from hibernation it drops again.
pPERK and p-tau positivity are not significantly different between early and late torpor and show a similar pattern throughout the hibernation cycle.
In a novel experimental approach, we use longitudinal sampling of biological tissues as a method for capturing gene expression profiles from the same individuals throughout their annual hibernation cycle.
Bats that exhibit WNS have little or no fat reserves, which are essential for their survival throughout and after hibernation (5 ).
Bears do not eat, drink, defecate, or urinate throughout a 3-6 monthibernationon season [ 9].
The tiny, golden-brown creatures, known for their sleepy disposition and winter hibernation, were once widespread throughout England and Wales.
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