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The council's chief executive, Prof Ian Olver, said price control through excise was by far the most effective public health measure to bring down smoking rates, particularly among young people and people on lower incomes.
Several decades of studies provide evidence that increasing cigarette price through excise taxes reduces smoking among adolescents and young adults, who are particularly price-sensitive.
Now a major industry in Mongolia and a contributor to government revenue through excise tax, vodka is commonly branded with the names of national heroes or Mongolian regions, evoking associations of patriotism, pride and leadership [ 11].
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The permeation of these prodrugs through excised human skin was studied in vitro.
The release pattern of BENZO and LIDO from NLCs was evaluated in vitro determining drug percutaneous absorption through excised human skin.
The release pattern of OMC from SLN and NLC was evaluated in vitro, determining its percutaneous absorption through excised human skin.
The computational approach was applied to elucidate the transport mechanism of caffeine through excised human skin in the presence of several permeation enhancers.
Faster permeation through excised animal skin has been evidenced for polymeric transdermal patches developed by Padula and colleagues [ 5].
The Vaccine Injury Compensation system provides "no fault" awards to those injured by vaccines by tapping into a fund created through an excise tax.
[1], [2], [3] However, the availability of cheap and low-tax cigarettes online undermine smokers' quit attempts [4] and undercuts government efforts to reduce consumption through cigarette excise taxes.
Cormann attacked Labor's forecast that it would raise $47bn over 10 years through raising tobacco excise, repeating claims it would fall $20bn short of that target.
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