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Viral evolution pathways toward drug resistance may proceed through distinct steps and at different rates among different HIV-1 subtypes [ 10].
TGFβ signaling pathways operate through distinct steps: ligand binding to its receptor, phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation of Smad2, and induction of target gene expression (ten Dijke and Hill, 2004; Massagué, 2012).
In brief, the catalytic sequence proceeds through distinct steps of 2-OG cofactor and molecular oxygen binding and activation, resulting in a highly reactive oxo-ferryl intermediate that reacts with the specific substrate atom, usually resulting in a hydroxylated substrate and concomitant CO2 and succinate formation.
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The typical design sprint takes place over five days, during which the teams go through five distinct steps to development.
The metaheuristics are coordinated to progress through five distinct steps that constitute hCSO: (1) initialization; (2) exchange; (3) modification; (4) replacement; (5) metaheuristic labelling, ranking and carry forward.
It is becoming increasingly apparent that enzymatic deconstruction of cellulose occurs through two distinct steps.
The G2/M checkpoint appears to be established through two distinct steps: immediate establishment of the checkpoint, and maintenance of prolonged arrest (Taylor and Stark, 2001).
This is done through the following three distinct steps [6, 7]: 1. 3D surface capture: There are two ways this can be achieved, via either an optics-based approach or a laser approach.
Through the aforementioned three distinct steps, all co-residents can be identified along with additional information about their operating systems, something that can allow the attacker to launch further attacks harming the Cloud Infrastructure.
The working group develops its evaluations through a series of distinct steps.
Ho and Mckay (1999) clarified that the kinetics of the ion exchange involve five distinct steps, namely diffusion of ions through the bulk solution, diffusion of ion through hydrated film surrounding the particle, diffusion of ion across the film particle interface, diffusion of ion through the particle and the actual chemical reaction involving exchange of ions.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com