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Thirteen studies reported adequate data on the threshold of the reference standard for inclusion in this analysis.
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The ΔCt of the control and experimental samples was calculated from the threshold cycle of the target gene minus the threshold cycle of the reference gene (ACT1).
The ΔCt of the control and experimental samples was calculated from the threshold cycle of the target gene minus the threshold cycle of the reference gene (ACT1) in triplicate experiments.
Quantification was done relative to the reference gene (α-tubulin) by subtracting the cycle threshold (CT) of the reference gene from the CT of the gene of interest; the resulting difference in cycle number is "ΔCT".
We exposed mice to three doses that span several orders of magnitude, and the lower two doses are considered "low-dose" by two well-accepted definitions: a dose that does not exceed the threshold of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reference dose of 50 μg/kg BW/day and a dose that is within the range of observed human environmental exposure levels (Vandenberg et al. 2013).
In contrast to RMSD, the GDT is an agreement-based measure, quantifying the number of corresponding atoms in the model that can be superposed within a set of predefined tolerance thresholds to the reference structure.
Changes in cycle threshold (ΔCT) values for each gene were obtained by subtracting the mean threshold cycle (CT) of the reference GAPDH gene (data not shown).
Defect size was quantified using a cutoff threshold of 60% of the reference sectors and was expressed as a percentage of the left ventricular myocardium (%LV).
The threshold voltage shift of the reference sample comes from the charge trapping sites existing in the interface between the channel layer and control oxide layer or in the sputtered SiO2 layers.
The log2-transformed expression was interpreted as the difference between the observed threshold cycle (Ct) of the reference gene and that of the gene of interest.
Fold change was calculated by subtracting the cycle threshold (Ct) value of the reference sample from the target sample to obtain a ΔCt value.
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