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Experiments involving subliminal "number priming" show that much of what our mind does with numbers is unconscious, a finding that has led Dehaene to wonder why some mental activity crosses the threshold of awareness and some doesn't.
The speech could well be seriously damaging to its less mature audience, many of whom were only 14 years old and on the threshold of awareness of human sexuality.
But does the information need to reach the threshold of awareness, even at the margin?
By "motion", Herbart means the falling (and rising) of representations with respect to the static threshold, or, more precisely, their dimming (and brightening) with respect to the threshold of awareness (SW V: 338, 339; Boudewijnse, et al. 1999: 181, ff.; Weiss 1928: 84. Cf. esp. Felsch 1904: 194, f).
"Though insights often come as a surprise, sometimes we can sense that an idea is present, lurking just below the threshold of awareness, ready to emerge.
We demonstrated that the automatic activation of motor programs elicited unconsciously in the medial premotor cortex was normally restricted to specific contexts set by the environment, but can occur below the threshold of awareness even when no movement was executed.
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From the 18 participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria for the fMRI study, six were later excluded from data analysis due to movement artifacts or reports of being aware of the subtle emotional expressions indicating a too low threshold of subjective awareness which would have been a confounding factor (see the next section for more information on the debriefing procedure).
These differences in treatment arise in part from cognitive schemas and other heuristics that operate below the threshold of conscious awareness, generating patterns of evaluation bias that track not only gender but also race/ethnicity and a range of other markers by which social inequality is constituted.
Our paradigm permitted us to capture brain activity during a pre-decision phase when the subjects viewed emotional expressions below the threshold of subjective awareness, and during the decision phase, which was based on verbal descriptions as the choice criterion.
The possibility that the VS responds to reward cues even when these are perceived without awareness is suggested by a recent series of studies, in which participants were exposed to a reward cue that was on some trials presented very briefly, below the threshold of conscious awareness [i.e., subliminally; Bijleveld et al., 2010; Capa et al., 2011].
The paradigm used in this study and described in detail in the following section has been previously used in another study comparing brain activation patterns between facial expressions of emotion which were either clearly visible or presented below the threshold of subjective awareness (Prochnow et al., 2013b).
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