In the model, it becomes optimal for firms to raise future regular pay to maintain workers' current efforts, which results in downwardly rigid regular pay under the threat of performance-based layoffs.
In this model, the reason for using the threat of layoffs does not stem from imperfect monitoring, but should instead be understood as the firm's strategy when both incentive tools – threat of performance-based layoffs and performance-based pay – are available.
In this meta-analysis we estimated the effects of stereotype threat on performance of girls on math, science and spatial skills (MSSS) tests.
More than 300 published papers show the effects of stereotype threat on performance in a variety of domains.
Although numerous studies demonstrate the effects of stereotype threat on performance, questions remain as to the specific cognitive factors that underlie these effects.
Finally, to further safeguard children in sport against the threats of performance-enhancing drugs, sports organisations should adopt and adapt the rules and principles outlined in the World Anti-Doping Association Code.
The new "new radicalism," it seems, knows the value of accurate information, knows how to turn facile quality-of-life arguments against their cynical purveyors, and understands the enduring threat of live performance that can operate beneath the mediated radar of mass culture.
Holding them to ransom with the threat of non-performance, Roxane demands score after score, and thereafter works another spell on the household, trilling arias for hours on end.
The main objectives of the training sessions were to create awareness regarding the threats of suboptimal performance and ways to recognize these threats and prevent their negative consequences.
High in the gray sky, little dark wisps dangled down from the clouds like fingers poised over a keyboard, taunting Moore with the threat of an encore performance.
