On occasion, though, the linkages between past, present and future are too minimal or hard to grasp, and the speaker is forced to admit that "there's nothing / but a vague skein like silk or torchlight / connecting this to that".
Incident BSIs through 2011 were identified though linkage to prospectively recorded information at the local and regional hospitals.
In Capitella, two of the four GATA456 genes appear in an 11-kilobase region, though linkage to a third gene has not been found.
TGCT cases diagnosed between enrollment through 31 December 1999 were identified though linkage with the Norwegian Cancer Registry, using the Norwegian population identification number.
For complex traits though, linkage is limited to detecting large effects that may reflect a summary of effects over vast genetic distances.
4 The same data is used though linkage to Office of National Statistics to monitor hospital mortality by the calculation of the Hospital Standardised Mortality Ratio, 5 augmented by the Standardised Hospital Mortality Index.
To identify trait and QTL-linked markers, we used heterozygous parents and their offspring of known IPN resistance phenotype and QTL genotype (putative homozygous resistant or homozygous susceptible) to identify candidate resistance and susceptibility alleles though linkage.
Although most schwannomatosis cases are sporadic, instances of autosomal dominant transmission with incomplete penetrance have also been reported [ 11], though linkage analysis has now excluded the NF2 locus, suggesting schwannomatosis is a distinct entity [ 12- 15].
Radiotherapy was assessed through linkage with the radiotherapy outpatient record database (which also includes extra-regional radiotherapy records), and hormonal therapy was assessed though linkage to the pharmaceutical prescription record database (which includes all drug prescriptions reimbursed to patients by the public health system).
Other weaknesses include outcome data, which, though available through linkage with ONS for all patients, does not specify the cause of death and is presently limited to vital status.
