Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
those include
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"those include" is correct and usable in written English.
Example sentence: "I need to buy a few items for dinner; those include potatoes, carrots, and celery."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Encyclopedias
Alternative expressions(8)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
54 human-written examples
Those include traveling, losing weight and reading.
News & Media
Those include Russia, the United Kingdom and France.
News & Media
Those include education, health, manufacturing and construction.
News & Media
Those include impaired cognitive ability and irritability.
News & Media
Those include the car's official fuel economy.
News & Media
Those include a similar investigation by government officials in Boston.
News & Media
Those include Neymar's arrival pushing him down the pecking order.
News & Media
Those include a free, year-round after-school program.
News & Media
Those include the Netherlands, Germany and the Nordic countries.
News & Media
But don't those include the wisdom to use power wisely?
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
1 human-written examples
Those included some difficult saves.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "those include" to introduce a list of items that are representative, but not necessarily exhaustive.
Common error
Avoid using "those include" when referring to a singular item. Instead, use "that includes" to maintain grammatical correctness. For example, instead of saying "The package, those include a book and a pen", say "The package, that includes a book and a pen".
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "those include" functions as an introductory phrase to list specific examples or components that belong to a previously mentioned group or category. Ludwig AI shows that it commonly precedes a list of items that clarify or elaborate on a preceding statement.
Frequent in
News & Media
64%
Science
20%
Encyclopedias
2%
Less common in
Formal & Business
6%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "those include" is a versatile and frequently used construction for introducing a list of specific examples or components within a broader category. As confirmed by Ludwig AI, its grammatical correctness and wide usage across diverse sources, including News & Media and Science, make it a reliable choice for writers. When using this phrase, ensure the reference to "those" is clear and grammatically consistent. For situations demanding more formality, consider alternatives like "these encompass" or "these comprise". Overall, "those include" serves as an efficient and clear way to provide detail and specificity in various forms of writing.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
these encompass
Replaces "those" with "these" and "include" with "encompass", altering the pronoun and verb for a slightly different emphasis.
these comprise
Substitutes "include" with "comprise", indicating the listed items form the whole.
such as
Replaces the entire phrase with a more concise introductory phrase for examples.
for example
Offers specific examples, rather than an exhaustive list, creating a less formal tone.
which incorporate
Focuses on what items are being added or integrated, changing the structure to highlight inclusion.
that consist of
Emphasizes the composition of something, instead of simply including items.
namely
Introduces specific items or details with a more formal tone than the original phrase.
to name a few
Implies the list is not exhaustive, offering only some examples.
are comprised of
Highlights the composition of a subject by listing constituent parts.
which feature
Emphasizes particular characteristics or aspects of a subject, not just a list of items.
FAQs
How can I use "those include" in a sentence?
The phrase "those include" is used to introduce a list of items or examples related to a previously mentioned group. For instance, "The benefits of exercise, those include improved cardiovascular health, weight management, and better sleep, are well-documented."
What's a more formal way to say "those include"?
For a more formal tone, you can use phrases like "these encompass" or "these comprise", depending on the context and the nuance you wish to convey.
Is it correct to say "that include" instead of "those include"?
The correct phrase depends on the context. Use "that include" when referring to a singular noun or concept, and "those include" when referring to a plural noun or a group of items. For example, "The policy that includes new regulations is under review" versus "The new regulations, those include stricter environmental standards, will be implemented soon."
What are some alternatives to "those include" for introducing examples?
Alternatives like "such as", "for example", or "namely" can be used to introduce specific examples. These alternatives may be more appropriate depending on the level of formality and the desired emphasis.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested