As shown in Table 5, results obtained from the subsidiary analysis on the rescreened subset of MPP cohort were essentially consistent with the main findings.
For the subsidiary analysis, species-level terminals were likewise synonymised to family-level, except that carnivorans and primates were synonymised to order-level, as in LEA.
For instance, the 4 1 upweighted supertree from the subsidiary analysis ('LEA+P 4:1') is ~18% more similar to the large molecular tree of Murphy et al. ('MEA'; [ 17]) than is the original LEA supertree, according to the normalised partition metric.
On the other hand, the subsidiary analysis of the south Asian and black minorities compared with the white majority group of Whitehall II indicates that discrepancies are at least partly due to ethnic differences.
For the subsidiary analysis examining associations only with exposures in the nuclear family (death of siblings and parents of index offspring), we used the original sample (n=1 045 336); this sample may have also included those with missing links to grandparents in both exposed and unexposed cases (subsample 2).
For the subsidiary analysis (testing for commonality between so-called AS-neurotypical and HFA-neurotypical differences), we included data from an additional 57 male neurotypical participants from the control cohort of the MRC AIMS project (KCL n = 26, Cambridge n = 21, Oxford n = 10), that were matched in age and full-scale IQ with both ASC subgroups (with or without language delay).
For the subsidiary analysis using longitudinal data, we estimated the OR of receiving a diagnosis by a subsequent wave only for those who had met the criteria for 'illness burden' in a previous wave, and then the likelihood of receiving treatment only for those who had received a diagnosis in a previous wave.
This was a subsidiary analysis as the number of participants that could be followed over time in this manner was small, particularly for treatment in angina and depression.
Based on this, we further performed a subsidiary analysis exploring if males with autism, compared with neurotypical males, showed a 'feminized' neuroanatomy compatible with the predictions of the 'gender incoherence' hypothesis (rather than 'over-masculinized' as predicted by the EMB theory).
Since arsenic dust exposures are also available for the Wismut miners, 35 an arsenic covariable could be added to the preferred model for PA and time worked underground described above in a subsidiary analysis, but this only resulted in a deviance drop of 1.2 and a p value of 0.33 for the associated arsenic risk coefficient and did not confound the main risks from the preferred model.
