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After this step, markers with no recombination were identified, and all but a single marker were removed from initial grouping.
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In the third step, markers were selected based on their scores and the distance measure d.
In the first step, markers closely linked to the Tvr1 gene were amplified from each accession and sequenced.
In a first step, markers associated with the studied trait were selected as cofactors and used to detect QTL by composite-interval mapping (CIM).
This step excluded monomorphic markers and removed any possible influence of outliers.
This step requires a SNP marker that is associated with both the trait and the trait-related module.
In this step, we manually removed possible questionable markers, most of which were located on map ends.
After this first filtering step, 18,818 markers were retained.
Two-step marker injection Injecting markers into program binary code may alter the address of program text, and it skews the target address of control transfer instructions.
swi1-13Myc (swi3-13Myc-hphMX6), swi3-13Myc (swi3-13Myc-hphMX6) and ctf18Δ (ctf18::hphMX6) were generated by a one-step marker switch method [62] using the swi1-13Myc-kanMX6 swi1-13Myc-kanMX6 swi1-13Myc-kanMX66 strains, respectively.
Figure 1 shows the distributions of PMV and MAF for marker data after the first filtering step (18,818 markers) and after the second filtering step (6138 markers).
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