This attack pattern will increase the false alarm probability and result in the underutilization of available spectrum or the exclusive usage of it by FA attackers.
This attack pattern will increase both the false alarm probability and the miss detection probability, which not only leads to the unfair utilization of available spectrum but also causes more harmful interferences to the PU.
Therefore, the FA attack pattern can be denoted as x E i ′ = x E i ⋅ η 1, if x E i ≤ δ 1 and SU i chooses to attack p a 1 x E i, otherwise (6) This attack pattern will increase the false alarm probability and result in the underutilization of available spectrum or the exclusive usage of it by FA attackers.
A very uneven weekly pattern will increase variability in bed demand and the probability of refused admissions just as a variable arrival process will.
If a single parameter is slightly decreased or increased, the RMS of the simulated pattern will increase because the quality of the fit to the gene expression data reduces.
In the initial experiments the spatial RMS error was chosen to guide the selection, this is based on the assumption that as this error approaches zero map frame patterns will increase in similarity until they are identical, in contrast when the correlation coefficient is equal to 1 (identical patterns) this has in theory no bearing on amplitude differences.
Critically evaluating and implementing different practice patterns will increase trainees' versatility and ability to adapt their individual practice to match their practice environment to maximize patient outcomes (Fig. 1, M 20).
In addition, we found support for our first hypothesis that alcohol drinking patterns will increase the risk of alcohol-related harm, even after controlling for potential confounders.
If segments of single-animal trajectories represent mixtures of states corresponding to local and global parts of the search, then the probability of observing global search patterns will increase gradually.
Notice that a longer pattern provides a greater weight/length ratio asymptotically, but the relationship is not monotonic, as shown in the curve for k = 2 in Figure 3. On the other hand, longer pattern lengths will increase the number of required queries, so our seed design considers the shortest pattern whose weight to length ratio is large enough to provide a tolerable number of random hits.
