This putative evolutionary pathway explains how the P1-wr 3' UTR was almost entirely replaced by a MULE, how the fourth exon unique to P1-rr was generated and how the 1,269 bp SalI fragment containing the P1-rr distal enhancer was nearly completely duplicated (the initial 175 bp of the enhancer region are missing from the first repeat).
The fact that DISC1 regulates the GSK3β-β-catenin signalling pathway explains how alterations in this pathway may contribute to the causes of psychiatric disorders.
The same pathway explains how cells communicate with each other, by passing substances between them.
The activation of emotion via the thalamo-amygdala pathway explains how infants and very young children respond emotionally to pain and why adults express strong preferences and make emotional judgments before they have any conscious recognition of doing so.
The activation extent of various signal transduction pathways involved in chemo-sensitivity such as the NF-κB pathway, explains how resistant or susceptible a cancer type is towards drugs [ 14].
R. Zhang et al. presented a new approach to identify the pathways linking TGF β to ovarian carcinoma immunoreactive antigen-like protein 2 (OCIAD2) by exploring the pathway bridge, and the resultant pathway explained how TGF β affects the expression of OCIAD2 in cancer microenvironment.
Finally, the integrated signals, which began with ligand and its receptor, passing through transduction proteins and targeting transcription factor and finally the signature, were output as the most reliable predicted pathways) explaining how the ligand changes affected the signature.
The presence of conduction barriers and pathways explain how a small cluster of pacemaker cells in the SAN pacemaker complex manages to depolarize widely distributed areas of the right atria.
The mechanism is the causal pathway that explains how the intervention leads to an observed outcome in a particular context.
Still, these respectable disciplines have constructed impressive mechanistic/causal chains of events, not so different from a toxicity pathway that explains how a molecular initiating event triggered by a toxicant links to its adverse outcome for an affected person.
