Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
this list comprises
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "this list comprises" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it whenever you want to introduce or refer to a list. For example: This list comprises the top ten most popular singers of the decade.
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Wiki
Alternative expressions(3)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
60 human-written examples
This yields a sorted list ((A1, m1),..., (A q, m q )) of the pairs in from which the sorted list (A1,..., A q ) of ambiguous clusters is extracted, with some clusters possibly occurring more than once in this list.
Science
However, in order to get a first hint about transcriptional differences due to stress response, we uploaded this particular gene list (p ≤0.05; q ≤0.36) to IPA.
Science
This Last On Week Week List Fiction 1 1 2 Q IS FOR QUARRY, by Sue Grafton.
News & Media
Some typical R values of monolayer graphene film, obtained by varying the applied voltage V, such as strain ε, have been listed in Table 2 (with T = 300 K and Q = 125) and Table 3 (with T = 5 K and Q = 14000).
Science
To find the hard-decision ML solution, only one-sided QLD is needed on either layer 1 or 2. A list of Q n distances ( left{{d}_n(x ,kern1em forall xkern0.3em in kern0.3em {mathcal{X}}_nright} ) is generated by enumerating all symbols ( xkern0.3em in kern0.3em {mathcal{X}}_n,nkern0.3em =kern0.3em 1 ) or n = 2, and the minimum is selected.
This list comprised 37 genes (Table 6).
Science
The transition function of this machine can then be given as a list of 5-tupels (q i,s j,q l,s k,d), where 1. q i ∈ Q ∪ F is the current state; 2. s j ∈ Γ is the current symbol; 3. q l ∈ Q ∪ F is the next state; 4. s k ∈ Γ is the next symbol; and 5. d ∈ { L,R} is the direction of movement of the tape head (left or right).
Genes with significant Z scores after correcting for multiple testing are listed in Table 1 (q-value < 0.05).
Science
This shows (u1) q.
The Dutch chronic Q fever database listed 284 patients with chronic Q fever: 151 patients with proven chronic Q fever, 64 with probable, and 69 with possible chronic Q fever [ 30].
Science
The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis identified several affected pathways (23 gene lists with False Discovery Rate q-value<0.1) in muscle following high dose simvastatin, including eicosanoid synthesis and Phospholipase C pathways.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "this list comprises" to formally introduce a complete enumeration of items. It suggests that the list includes all relevant or necessary components.
Common error
Avoid using "this list comprises" when the list is not exhaustive. If the list is only a selection, use "this list includes" instead.
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "this list comprises" functions as an introductory phrase or sentence fragment that introduces a list. According to Ludwig AI, this phrase is correct and usable in written English. It specifies the elements that make up the list.
Frequent in
Science
60%
News & Media
20%
Wiki
20%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Academia
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "this list comprises" is a grammatically correct and usable way to introduce a complete list of items. While not as common as alternatives like "this list includes", it offers a formal and precise way to enumerate elements, predominantly in science and academic contexts. According to Ludwig AI, this phrase is suitable for situations where a comprehensive overview is needed. When writing, remember that comprises indicates a complete enumeration, so avoid using it if the list is only a selection.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
this list includes
Replaces 'comprises' with 'includes', a more common and slightly less formal alternative.
this list contains
Uses 'contains', a straightforward alternative focusing on the inclusion of items.
this list consists of
Uses 'consists of' to indicate the components of the list, emphasizing a complete enumeration.
this list is composed of
Employs 'is composed of', which is a more formal way of saying 'consists of'.
the items on this list are
Restructures the sentence to focus on the items themselves, rather than the list as a whole.
this list presents
Employs 'presents' to introduce the list in a neutral and straightforward manner.
this list details
Uses 'details' to suggest a comprehensive and informative list.
this list specifies
Uses 'specifies' to indicate that the list provides precise and explicit information.
this list enumerates
Replaces with enumerates making the alternative more formal
this list encompasses
Replaces with 'encompasses' making it more formal, suggesting comprehensiveness and inclusion of all relevant elements.
FAQs
What does "this list comprises" mean?
The phrase "this list comprises" means that the list includes all the items mentioned, indicating a complete enumeration. It's a more formal way of saying the list consists of specific elements.
When should I use "this list comprises" instead of "this list includes"?
Use "this list comprises" when you want to emphasize that the list is complete and contains all the necessary elements. Use "this list includes" when the list is not exhaustive, and only presents a selection. See also "this list includes".
Are there more formal alternatives to "this list comprises"?
Yes, more formal alternatives include "this list consists of" or "this list is composed of". All of these options convey a sense of completeness and formality.
Can I use "this list comprises of"?
No, the correct phrase is "this list comprises". The addition of "of" is grammatically incorrect and should be avoided.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested