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For thin films, this caused substantial deviation of the generated energy per unit area per cycle from the ideal quadratic dependence on the bias voltage.
This caused substantial time and cost overruns; the film ultimately cost 3 million (about US$600,000 in 1948), and became the most expensive Indian film at that time.
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Taken together, this causes substantial problems for fully automatic pipelines that aim to use these data comprehensively for studies of animal phylogenetics and the molecular evolution of mitogenomes.
This causes substantial changes in the forcing coming from OP, with an amplitude of around 4 W m−2 in the 10,800-day average when the eccentricity is small (approximately 0.01), to around 15 W m−2 when the eccentricity is large (approximately 0.023) (Fig. 5).
This causes substantial duplication in expensive components and increases cost.
Over the life of the animal this causes substantial tooth rotation in the coronal plane, and in turn, dramatically changes the shape of the occlusal surface during the life of the animal (Fig. 1).
This causes substantial delays in seeking professional treatment, and subsequently leads to a poorer prognosis, higher burden on society and a higher cost of the disease.
"This has caused substantial flooding to the road and 36 properties in the area.
This has caused substantial increases in the populations of whales and seals at the expense of fish stocks such as cod and haddock.
The clogging of reels and fouling of nets makes C. pengoi a potential nuisance species, this may have caused substantial economic loss in fisheries [176].
Because one trial caused substantial statistical heterogeneity, meta-analyses were conducted with and without this trial.
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