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On the contrary, the thin target, for which LDCSA is at play, obviously displays a much narrower angular profile which is clearly off-centred around 16°.
Heavy nuclei are accelerated up to 60% of the speed of light and hit a thin target of a light material such as beryllium.
Cross sections are measured by producing a beam of one particle at a given energy, allowing the beam to interact with a (usually thin) target made of the same or a different material, and measuring deflections or reaction products.
This search requires a high intensity muon beam stopping in a thin target with the maximum rate compatible with the background from combinatorial events.
High energy neutrons produced in the forward direction from thin target beam losses are a major component of the dose rate outside the shield walls of the tunnel.
The second is a thin target foil mounted on a wheel disk which rotates in He cooling gas of 13.32 133.2 Pa.
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In summary, the proton cut-off energy versus target thickness presents a maximum for very thin targets, where LDCSA is the dominant acceleration mechanism.
Penetration occurs when the stress intensities of impact exceed the yield stress of the target; it causes ductile and brittle failure in thin targets and hydrodynamic flow of material in thick targets.
In the case of soft magnetic materials, usually thin targets and strong magnetic arrays of the sputtering cathode are used for an effective magnetron sputtering.
An expression for quantitative analysis of thin targets with the new method is obtained, and comparisons with previous analyses of aerosol samples are presented, showing an excellent agreement for selected elements like S, Cl, Ti, V, Fe, Cu, and Zn.
The ASE that explodes these thin targets has a duration of 2 ns and was measured, during the experimental run, to contain ~10 mJ in energy (at the target chamber center (TCC), i.e. at the location of the SP focus), as measured with fast diodes and a water-switch cell (see Fig. 1c).
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