A new micromixing model, based on the striation thinning model by Ottino (1980), was constructed partly based on Monte Carlo sampling using a monomer scission probability (Tobita, 1996).
A method based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the characterization of static mixers using the Z factor, helicity and the rate of striation thinning is presented.
Under different experimental conditions with respect to initial PP quality and amount of peroxide added, with a constant value for the striation thinning parameter the errors between measured and predicted MWD were around 5%.
A new method to calculate the average value of the rate of striation thinning, α, from the laminar flow field in a static mixer as simulated by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been developed.
However, the intensity of the vortices was greater in the Lightnin than the Kenics mixer, which was observed in not only the magnitude of the helicity, but also the Z factor, rate of striation thinning and the distribution of striation thickness.
They correspond surprisingly well to values found from a CFD-based study (Fourcade et al., Laminar striation thinning in static mixer reactors from computational fluid dynamics and laser induced fluorescence, Chem. Eng. Sci. (2001) in press), describing one-phase, Newtonian flow in a similar geometry.
As the onion-shaped belly of the still heats up, alcohol vapor travels up the thin neck, slowed by the microscopic striations on the surface of the copper.
And unlike prosciutto, bresaola is utterly lean, with no discernible striations of fat.
The formation of vortices affects the Z factor by an increase in the power requirement, and the rate of striation thinning by an increase in the stretching of the striations.
A model for striation formation based on plastic buckling of a thin surface layer on a porous elastic foundation is provided that serves as a scaling relation accounting well for the temperature-dependent changes in striation spacing.
