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(5) Epidermis thickness calculation: In this step, we first calculate the gradient image of the mask b 3, and select boundary positions with non-zero gradient magnitudes to obtain the epidermis boundary points set {A k } k=1…W where W is the number of points.
At the end of the study, a user-friendly object-oriented computer program "Shaft 2D" is developed to simplify the rigorous shaft lining thickness calculation process.
A lubricated impact analysis between the teeth is introduced in this study for the minimum film thickness calculation during contact losses.
The friction model is based on a lubricant film thickness calculation using the Reynolds equation, and a calculation of the fractional contact area based on asperity flattening and roughening.
The equivalent thickness calculation equation is based on regression analysis of a large number of finite element simulation results of elastic local buckling strength of perforated plates under compression, considering the effects of a number of different design variables such as plate depth, thickness, perforation patterns and dimensions of the plate.
The zinc and sulfur precursors were injected separately at 15-min intervals with stoichiometric ratios (based on a spherical volume thickness calculation) and heated to 220°C.
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We have also incorporated film thickness calculations in our analysis.
By doing this for multiple crystals, we established coefficients of 0.75, 0.50 and 0.56 for a, b and c-axes, respectively, which were then used in all subsequent thickness calculations for polarised data.
Thickness calculations from SIMS depth profiles were in good agreement with XRR measurements of the films.
The Lp of two of the hESC treated VFs were partly damaged in the cutting preparation processes and were left out in the Lp thickness measurements, resulting in n = 10 for the hESC treated VFs in the Lp thickness calculations.
For the cell wall thickness, the mean of three measurements for each cell wall were used for cell wall thickness calculations, whilst for the remaining properties one value for each fibre was sufficient.
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