Three of the Tgif/+ mice had fluid in the ears and thickened lining (25%, n = 12) and three had thickened lining only (25%, n = 12).
In the X-axis, bars signify the interquartile range of CRP values in each patient group, and the thickened line inside them shows the median value of CRP within this mood group.
In the X-axis, bars signify the interquartile range of CRP values in each mood group, and the thickened line inside them shows the median value of CRP within this mood group.
Two of the heterozygote mice had ear fluid and a thickened lining (16%, n = 13) and five had only a thickened lining (38%, n = 13).
A substantial population of OA patients develops a thickened lining layer comprising macrophages that exhibit an activated phenotype.
By comparison, three of the heterozygote mice at 21 days of age had fluid in one ear and thickened lining (19%, n = 16), and some of them had a thickened epithelial lining only (37%, n = 16) (Supplementary Material, Fig. S1).
The major cell type accounting for the thickened lining layer as well as for pannus formation is believed to be activated FLSs [ 18, 19].
The major cell type accounting for the thickened lining layer and resultant pannus is the activated RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs, also referred to as RA synoviocytes).
In most of the brains, the abnormal cells were also found within the corpus callosum and along its extensions, in the thickened pial lining forming pial outgrowths and in the medulla of cerebellum (Figure 3).
Five mice did not have any fluid, but some of these had a thickened epithelial lining (27% of mice).
