However, the low gravity anomaly below the KPR along KPr17 is mainly caused by thick low velocity materials with Vp < 4 km/s and thickness of around 3 km.
Low values were observed at sites having thick low velocity stiff soil layers (i.e., T11, T19, T29).
Deep seismic studies in and around Chennimalai at the central domain of the PCSZ indicate the presence of ca. 10 km thick low velocity (6.0 km/s) layer at mid-crustal depths.
Finally, the seismic signature of a relatively small fault zone included in a layered sedimentary series appears discontinuous, characterized by more or less thick high velocity patches more or less extended within the stratigraphic layers.
However, there is a characteristic feature of thick, low-velocity wedges with V p <~4.5 km/s below the forearc regions except for the lines of ECr6 and ECr16.
There is no thick, low-velocity sediment in the shallow island arc area, and materials with a V p of around 5 km/s ascend to a shallower depth.
Anisotropic 2 5 km thick low-velocity layers at the top of the slab interface (Nikulin, et al. 2009; Park, et al. 2004) have been interpreted as deformed serpentinites (Bezacier, et al. 2013; Bezacier, et al. 2010a), but they lie at the lowest end of velocity trends in foliated serpentinites (Fig. 1b).
(2014) suggested an 850-km-thick low-velocity anomaly surrounded by a 210-km-thick high-velocity anomaly in D′′ beneath Kamchatka on the basis of forward modeling of seismic waveforms.
Because some trees (e.g., oaks) have thick twigs, however, the velocity of water movement is greater in the stem than in the twigs at any time.
This consideration is implicitly involved in the study of Arai and Tokimatsu (2004) who added two thick layers with large velocity to reach the engineering bedrock.
