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A Coddington lens combines two lens elements into a single thick element, with a groove cut in the centre of the element to select the portion of the imaging light with the lowest aberrations.
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The main idea is to construct band pass filter which restricts the appearance of very thin and very thick elements in the design.
After 3D reconstruction for both deformed and undeformed states, each model was then uniformly discretized into 8 micron thick elements.
A solution to this problem is to compensate with the proper amount of astigmatism, to seek a flat tangential surface, and/or to reduce the Petzval sum as much as possible using thick elements [ 29].
The magnetic softness permits using thicker elements that are more stable against temperature fluctations while having low switching fields.
Digital 3D models were then built and discretized into 6 8-micron-thick elements.
An anisotropic damage model is proposed for a thick plate element with an inclined crack.
El-Abbasi and Meguidin (2000) used a new thick shell element to study the thermoelastic behavior of functionally graded plates and shells.
A high-precision thick plate element proposed by the last author of this paper has been applied to free vibration analysis of plates to study its performance.
On the other hand, modeling of R/C buildings using beam elements for columns but thick shell elements for SWs greatly decreases the percentage error and provides acceptable results of vibration periods (<9% for fundamental periods).
On the other hand, modeling of R/C buildings using beam elements for columns but thick shell elements for SWs leads to less percentage error of vibration periods, but the percentage error is still high (> + 30% for fundamental period).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com