A 540bp-specific fragment of C. dimidiatu is generated by its species-specific prime pairs, whilst no such diagnostic bands were present in any of the two pest nitidulid beetles species tested.
Of the two PEST domains, both of which are phosphorylated and necessary for rhythmicity in N. crassa (Görl et al. 2001; Merrow and Dunlap 1994; Schafmeier et al. 2006), the second shows stronger conservation than the first.
In N. crassa, the two PEST domains have distinct functions, with PEST1 involved in determining period length, and PEST2 involved in cytoplasmic accumulation of the WCC (Görl et al. 2001; Schafmeier et al. 2006).
These two insect pests are extremely serious threats for many crops, mainly in India, but also in several other regions of the world.
"Contribute to the Summit by wiping out the four pests!" it says.
Vaccination drives, improved sanitation, and a campaign to eradicate the "four pests"—rats, flies, mosquitoes, and sparrows curbed disease and reduced child mortality.
In the late 1950's, when Mao began his assault on sparrows, he lumped them together with rats, mosquitoes and flies as the "four pests" to be killed off.
Vaccination drives, improved sanitation, and a campaign to eradicate the "four pests" — rats, flies, mosquitoes, and sparrows — curbed disease and reduced child mortality.
In 1958 the Chinese government announced that sparrows were to be targeted as part of the "Four Pests" campaign because they ate grain, offering rewards for killing them.
