Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
these services include
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "these services include" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when listing or describing specific services that are part of a broader offering or package. Example: "Our company offers a variety of solutions for businesses. These services include web development, digital marketing, and IT support."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Academia
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
These services include compressed gas cylinders and dry ice.
These services include family consulting, philanthropy advice, estate planning and "lifestyle management".
News & Media
These services include crisis management, counseling and referrals to agencies for education and job-skills training.
News & Media
LGBT rights campaigners believe that these services include marriages in civil spaces such as council chambers.
News & Media
These services include just about everything computer-related except the hardware and software products themselves.
News & Media
But when these services include organ transplants, there are ethical issues.
News & Media
These services include both the location-based services (LBS) and the mobile field-based GIS.
These services include patient-oriented data management, digitized histopathological slides (DHS) acquisition, teleconsulting facilities, etc.
These services include surgery, radiology, dentistry, laser and in-house laboratory.
Academia
These services include both search services and remotely usable information processing facilities.
Academia
These services include routine prenatal care, labor and delivery, and routine post-partum care.
Academia
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using the phrase "these services include", ensure that the items listed are indeed services and directly related to the main subject. This clarity prevents confusion and strengthens the communication.
Common error
Avoid using "these services include" if the list is not exhaustive. If you're not listing all services, use phrases like "these services may include" or "these services can include" to indicate that the list is not definitive.
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "these services include" functions as an introductory phrase to enumerate specific elements that constitute a broader category of services. It is typically used to provide examples or detail the components of a service offering. As confirmed by Ludwig AI, this phrase is correct and widely used.
Frequent in
Science
31%
News & Media
30%
Academia
22%
Less common in
Formal & Business
12%
Wiki
3%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "these services include" is a grammatically sound and frequently employed expression used to introduce a list of specific services that fall under a broader category. Ludwig AI confirms its correctness and usability. It's important to ensure that the listed items are genuinely services and related to the main topic. While the phrase is versatile, appearing in scientific, news, and academic contexts, it's crucial to maintain clarity and avoid using it if the list is not exhaustive. Alternatives like "these services consist of" or "these services may include" can provide nuance and precision in communication, as needed.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
services offered encompass
Focuses on the complete range of services provided.
services provided consist of
Highlights the components that make up the service.
services available comprise
Emphasizes the constituent parts of the available services.
range of services features
Highlights prominent aspects or benefits.
list of services details
Suggests a comprehensive enumeration of available services.
included services consist of
Stresses that the mentioned services are parts of a bigger package.
these assistance programs include
More suitable when referring to government or charity-related assistance.
the bundle comprises
Indicates a combination of several services into a single product.
this package features
Emphasizes unique elements or benefits.
these perks involve
More suitable when the included parts are advantages or fringe benefits.
FAQs
How can I rephrase "these services include" to provide a full list?
To indicate a complete list, you can use phrases like "these services consist of", "these services comprise", or "these services encompass". These options suggest a comprehensive enumeration.
What's a more formal way to say "these services include"?
In a more formal context, consider using "these services encompass", "these services comprise", or "the suite of services features". These alternatives lend a more professional tone.
How does the meaning change if I say "these services may include" instead of "these services include"?
Using "these services may include" suggests that the listed items are potential, but not guaranteed. In contrast, "these services include" implies that the listed items are definite components.
Is there a shorter alternative to "these services include"?
Yes, you can use "services offered encompass" or "services provided consist of" for a more concise way to convey the information.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested