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Stegosaurs, on the other hand, lost all the armour except a single row of parasagittal scutes alternating along the spinal column; these scutes were successively modified into various combinations of broad plates and narrow spikes.
These scutes are also found in the slightly larger Scelidosaurus, which was up to three metres in length and quadrupedal; this dinosaur is known from the Early Jurassic of England and Arizona.
Pelvic shields were probably formed on struthiosaurines by these scutes.
These scutes established a geographic tie-in between Arizona's Glen Canyon and Europe, where fossils of Scelidosaurus had previously been discovered.
These scutes form hard structures that are thought to protect turtles from predators (Solomon et al. 1986).
11-17 ventral scutes (in large specimens, these scutes wear away and are often almost fully lost).
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In the later Ankylosauria, these small scutes may have developed into larger scutes, fusing into the multi-osteodermal plate armour seen in genera such as Ankylosaurus.
In Scutellosaurus, however, the scutes were far too small to serve these functions.
The carapace and shell (in most turtles; some have reduced these features) are formed by two main parts: the scutes (epidermal derivatives which form the outermost layer of the shell) and the bony plates (dermal -- i.e. bone -- derivatives which are the main structural components of the shell).
A favored explanation for these so-called scutes is that they radiated and absorbed heat.
The largest scales are the scutes covering the shell of a turtle or the plates of a crocodile.
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