Future research will be necessary to determine the degree of reproductive isolation between morphs, and thus the extent to which morphs represent incipient species.
This makes it difficult to reach firm conclusions as to whether female morphs represent ARTs, especially in spatial and temporal heterogeneous environments.
Mixed results have been reported previously, but often in favour of the hypothesis that female damselfly morphs represent ARTs in order to escape from excessive male harassment.
Because both FS and H progeny segregated from a single H mother following controlled crossing, purely cytoplasmic inheritance of female sterility can be ruled out, as can the possibility that the two morphs represent reproductively isolated taxa (though further verification with larger samples would be valuable).
Pygmy grasshopper colour morphs represent integrated phenotypes that differ in a suite of ecologically important traits such as preferred body temperatures, thermal physiology, reproductive life-history (egg and clutch size, inter-clutch interval), body size, predator avoidance behaviour, microhabitat utilization and diet e.g., [ 7, 45, 46] and references therein.
This represented greater disparity for Diplogastridae than for non-diplogastrid Rhabditina, whether disparity was measured as the sum of variances (p < 10−5 when either St or both morphs represented dimorphic taxa) or by principal component analysis (PCA) volume (Ciampaglio et al., 2001).
Alternatively, these "morphs" could represent different taxa, but evidence from comparative cranial histology, computer tomography, morphology, and similar patterns of growth observed in Stegoceras [17] and Triceratops [15], [16] does not support this interpretation.
The St morph represented dimorphic species in this PCA.
Morphing operators represent simple structural changes (mutations) that lead to the transformation of the 'reactant' molecule (left) to the 'product' molecule (right).
The striped T. subulata morph might represent such a compromise.
