These include increases in the number of genotypes per marker or QTL due to the increased number of chromosomes in the homeologous set, the dosage of marker and QTL in the parents and progeny are not obvious or observable, additional copies of a marker can mask recombination events, and the pairing behavior of chromosomes during meiosis is usually unknown [ 267].
These include increases in cGMP or cAMP, activation/inhibition of ion channels resulting in hyperpolarisation of smooth muscle, or inhibition of RhoA.
These include increases in: a putative cell binding factor (NMB0345), a haemagglutinin/haemolysin related protein (NMB1768), a member of the FrpAC operon (NMB1409), and a pilin related protein of unknown function; and decreases in: hsf, a Maf family gene (NMB1909) and porB, all of which influence epithelial cell attachment or epithelial cell actin rearrangement [68], [73], [88].
These include increases in oestriol, oestradiol, progesterone and prolactin, to name a few [ 115].
These include increases in cholines, lactate, and alanine, and decreases in polyamines and citrate [ 28, 30, 33, 39- 42].
These include increases in overall expenditure as well as a shift towards support for collaborative and priority-driven research.
These include increases in activities of α-amylase in rice (Farooq et al. 2006 b ), acid phosphatase and esterase in lettuce (Khan et al. 1978), and antioxidant enzymes in lucerne (Zhang et al. 2007).
These include increases in blood glucose, elevation in catecholamine levels such as norepinephrine and dopamine and activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, all of which have been shown to modulate memory (see ).
These include increases in the prevalence of injecting over and above any increase in prevention services (37, 38) and/or changes in the characteristics of the IDU population (such as increased homelessness and crack-cocaine injection) that may have led to increased injecting risk (16).
These include increases in illness severity and risk of death, ICU length of stay [ 6- 8], ventilator requirement [ 9], rates of infection (including ventilator-associated pneumonia) [ 10], blood culture positivity [ 11], organ dysfunction, and short-term and long-term hospital mortality [ 5, 9, 11].
