Sintering in a furnace under different thermal atmospheres of air, nitrogen (N2) or N2 bubbled through formic acid (FA/N2) was carried out for a spin-coated gold nanoparticle (NP) ink.
The effects of isooctane injection timing, active-thermal atmosphere intensity, overall equivalence ratio, and premixed ratio on combustion characteristics and emissions are investigated.
This paper presents an experimental study on the isooctane active-thermal atmosphere combustion (ATAC) which is assisted by two-stage reaction of n-heptane.
The active-thermal atmosphere is created by low- and high-temperature reactions of n-heptane which is injected at intake port, and isooctane is directly injected into combustion chamber near the top dead center.
In order to sulfurize the thermal treatment atmosphere within CSS equipment, a graphite box was designed that maintained sulfur in its steam phase while all of the intervals of temperatures were tested.
The reduction in fibre strength is dependent on the thermal recycling atmosphere under low temperature or short heating time conditions, but at high temperatures the strength loss is the same, regardless of furnace atmosphere (ambient air, dry air or inert gas).
Thermal evolutionary atmosphere models suggest a radius of 1.75 times that of Earth as a dividing line between rocky and gaseous planets.
To obtain NiO/MnO2 core-shell heterostructures, a carbon layer was first wrapped on the surface of NiO nanosheets to serve as a sacrificial reductant by dipping EMID onto the as-prepared sample followed with thermal annealing (air atmosphere, 450 °C, 100 min).
Further thermal activation in air atmosphere at different temperatures (from 150 to 350 °C) leads to materials with less basic character and to a tremendous evolution of the porosity, mostly microporosity (SBET = 598 m2 g−1 and VMic = 0.24 cm3 g−1).
Airborne dust monitoring is crucial to characterize Martian atmosphere' thermal structure, balance and dynamics.
