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However, there was publication reported that AuNPs could significantly induce surface group-dependent intracellular ROS generation [58].
We discounted studies where there was publication bias, and applied random-effects models to allow for between-study heterogeneity.
Whether there was publication bias from a fixed effects model could be evaluated by an inverted funnel plot.
In order to avoid influence of subjective judgment on the conclusion, we validated whether there was publication bias using Begg's test and Egger's test.
An asymmetry in the funnel would be expected if there was publication bias with smaller studies tending to show larger ORs, because small studies with no significant statistical results would be less likely to be reported.
The Contour-enhanced funnel plots, of studies investigating the comparisons between normal renal tissue and malignant renal tumor tissue as well as the comparisons between benign renal tumor tissue and malignant renal tumor tissue, indicated there was publication bias (P > 0.05) which was further confirmed by the Egger test (P > 0.05).
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Every where in Asia there are publications devoted to the business of outflanking the future.
Then there's publication bias.
If there is publication bias the funnel plot will appear skewed and asymmetrical.
It is possible that there is publication bias toward reports of successful outcomes of immune-based therapies in this setting.
Although there are publications that describe the RWJF NFS, no evaluative reports have been published.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com