As the SNP minority administration faces what has sounded in recent days like a surly and bruised set of opposition parties, the idea that there is space in their cabinet's heads to think about new theoretical models of independence is perhaps preposterous.
To ascertain a possible theoretical influence of non-independence in patients with bilateral femoral neck fractures, a sensitivity test was performed on the Cox regression analysis excluding the data on the second femoral neck fracture.
The second sense of independence concerns the theoretical assumptions used to analyze and interpret the data (most data are theory-dependent).
From a theoretical perspective, it makes an assumption of independence between arguments and of independence between positional variants that is almost certainly not justifiable for example, it is difficult to get the Arg3 and Arg4 of increase (the starting and ending points of the increase) pre-nominally.
Whereas Wolff believes that all of practical philosophy is subordinated to metaphysics (i.e., ontology as well as the three sub-disciplines that comprise special metaphysics), the critical Kant argues for the independence of practical from theoretical principles.
As an example, for completely random sequences with complete statistical independence between positions, the theoretical MI between any two positions is zero because <img src="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/asset?id=info?doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0004681.e001.PNG" class= inline-graphic"/>.
Therefore, the theoretical minimal support under the assumption of independence (p12 = p1 · p2) is its (1 − α) · 100%% upper bound, with α being the statistical significant level.
Even though constraint-based methods are developed with a rigorous theoretical foundation, errors in conditional dependence and independence will affect the stability of constraint-based methods and this problem is especially serious when the number of samples is small.
Several theoretical and experimental arguments link the non-independence of sites to structural and/or functional constraints in proteins.
Perfusion fMRI time series were found to be roughly independent in time, and voxelwise statistical analysis assuming independence of observations yielded false-positive rates compatible with theoretical values using appropriate analysis methods.
