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In addition, new theoretical column curves based on Perry-Robertson formula are developed by introducing imperfection parameters independent on the steel strength.
Predictions from the theoretical column model are compared with existing test results, which demonstrates that the theoretical model is reasonably accurate in reproducing the experimental results of FRP-confined circular RC columns.
These comparisons also demonstrate the need to conduct careful tests on large-scale columns to eliminate some uncertainties associated with the existing test data to enable a more conclusive verification of the proposed theoretical column model.
The resulting numerical model was applied to four problems and was found to produce accurate, mass conservative solutions when compared to published experimental and numerical results and theoretical column experiments.
Calculation of the probability of not detecting a theoretical dependent column P nd : this probability corresponds to decide that a column (tilde {mathbf {a}}_{i}^{(l)}) does not belong to (mathcal {C}^{perp }) even thought in reality it belongs.
As an example, operating a 20 theoretical stage column at 70 °C and 11.2 MPa, it is possible to attain process specifications with a solvent to feed ratio of about 63.
Using these two probabilities, we will calculate the false alarm probability P fa, the probability of not detecting a theoretical dependent column P nd and the probability of detection P det.
The optimal threshold η opt is able to minimize the probability of wrong detection of a column (tilde {mathbf {a}}_{i}^{(l)}in mathcal {C}^{perp }), denoted as P wd, which corresponds to the sum of the false alarm probability, denoted as P fa, and the probability of not detecting a theoretical dependent column, denoted as P nd.
The performance of the packed beds at both scales approached the theoretical limits of column performance (Hred=2 and Af=1) expected in small analytical columns.
Repeatability with respect to peak height and peak area in five replicates, peaks symmetry (tailing factor), resolution between the peaks of drugs, theoretical plates of the column (column efficiency), capacity factor, and relative retention time were calculated.
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