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Jatropha curcas shells were extracted with water in a pilot-scale reactor and then pretreated with dilute sulphuric acid.
To confirm the roles of PI3K/Akt pathway, mice were then pretreated with wortmannin (0.7 or 1.4 mg/kg bw), a specific PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor, before exposure to ethanol.
The substrates are then pretreated with argon plasma (flow rate is 5 sccm) at applied RF power of 40 W for 10 min in order to remove the native oxide present on the surfaces for enhancing film adhesion.
The cells were then pretreated with Compound A for 1 hour and then stimulated with doxorubicin for 24 hours, and DMSO treated cells served as controls.
The tissue arrays were then pretreated with proteinase K (DakoCytomation, Glostrup, Denmark) and washed with phosphate-buffered saline tween-20 (PBST).
For all experiments, rCMECs were grown to 80% 90% confluence and then pretreated with designated agents for 60 min prior to H2O2 exposure in fresh medium.
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We then pretreated VSMCs with the Gi protein inhibitor pertussis toxin (PTX) and the Gq inhibitor YM254890, added Apelin-13 and looked for changes in Egr-1 expression.
To further validate PTEN expression mediated bosutinib-rescued tumorigenic phenotype in thyroid cancer cells, we transfected wild-type PTEN in FTC236-PTEN null cells and parallelly knockdown PTEN in FTC133-PTEN wild-type cells, then pretreated them with or without bosutinib before assaying their migration rate.
The differentiated cells were then pretreated for 24 h with ORF prepared in serum-free medium at concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 μg/mL.
The Round5 subline was then pretreated for 48 hr with 5-aza-dC or zebularine prior to administration of the GI50 dose of cisplatin.
The cells were then pretreated for 3 h with colcemid, a mitotic shake-off was performed, and the cells were treated for 6 or 12 h with 1 μg/ml Dox under colcemid pressure.
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