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In a biplot, the length of a line approximates the variance of the variable.
where σ 2 is the variance of the variable in the subscript.
In this section, we show the effect of both diversity schemes on the interference power by evaluating the variance of the variable.
The drawbacks include further loss of data, biasing the sample statistics, and reducing the variance of the variable in question (Acock, 2005; Little & Rubin, 2002; Peugh & Enders, 2004; Rubin, 1987).
The variance of the variable S t will be t σ 2. Thus, the mean error will often increase along the time, which leads to the conclusion that it is difficult to predict the traveling distance precisely in the long term, although sometimes the deviation in some continuous timeslots may be neutralized.
It is receiving growing attention from researchers in various fields, some of whom consider it to be "the-state-of-the art" missing-data technique (Schafer & Graham, 2002, p. 173) because it provides unbiased parameter estimates, does not reduce the variance of the variable in question, and preserves the entire dataset.
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In other words, the PCA maximizes the variance of the variables measured, explained by the factors.
The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) accounted for ∼94% of the variance of the variables, and therefore were chosen for the two-dimensional representation of the developmental evolution of the 8 electrophysiological parameters during postnatal development.
The estimators require the information of the observation matrix, the system matrix for the state variable, related with the signal, the variance of the state variable, the cross-variance function of the state variable with the observed value and the variance of the white observation noise.
The proposed fixed-point smoothers require the information of the observation matrix, the system matrix for the state variable, related with the signal, the variance of the state variable, the cross-variance function of the state variable with the observed value and the variance of the white observation noise.
The estimators require information from the observation matrix, the system matrix for the state variable, related to the signal, the variance of the state variable, the cross-variance function of the state variable with the observed value and the variance of the white observation noise.
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