Sentence examples for the upper cortex from inspiring English sources

The upper cortex consists of either a few layers of tightly packed cells or hyphae that may contain pigments.

The lower cortex, which is similar in structure to the upper cortex, participates in the formation of attachment structures called rhizines.

For many years the ecological importance and possible evolutionary significance of the chemical components of the upper cortex in lichens has been underestimated (Elix & Stocker-Wörgötter, 2008).

Confirmation of appreciable amounts of copper on the thallus surface and within the upper cortex of the holotypes of Acarospora isortoquensis, Acarospora undata, the isotype of A. alberti and morphologically similar material sampled from Norway, Sweden and UK was obtained by electron probe microanalysis (Purvis, 1984; Purvis, 1985).

The upper cortex of the lichen contains melanins that screen UV and PAR radiation from the photobiont.

The lichen is heteromerous, meaning that the mycobiont and photobiont components are in well-defined layers, with the photobiont in a more or less distinct zone between the upper cortex and the medulla.

The differential swelling of the irregularly thickened upper cortex and the medulla, in addition to the rigid medullary structure, due to the deposition of calcium oxalate, allow orderly hygroscopic thalline movements.

The proposed groups are easily recognized even by non-lichenologists due to the dichotomous distinction of the presence or absence of an upper cortex.

The fungal layers are called upper cortex, medulla, and lower cortex.

This distinct pattern is surprising since the criterion for classifying functional groups was only based on the simple morphological distinction of the presence versus absence of an upper cortex, while lichen species composition was random.

Crustose lichen groups are easily distinguished by the presence or absence of an upper cortex layer.