Because the Gini coefficient is based on shares — of income, wealth, or, in this case, points — it stays the same if you double or triple the underlying quantities.
Even if most studies did provide a detailed description of the costs of the intervention programme in their country currency, data on the underlying quantities of resources used, discounting/inflation methods and the price year were often not displayed, thus making comparability difficult.
They used NewHybrids [ 23] and STRUCTURE [ 19, 35] to estimate ancestry (the Baysian Q-value estimates the same underlying quantity as S here), and classified as "hybrids" the 46 individuals with point estimates between 0.1 and 0.9.
The high temporal correlation among the metrics may give the impression that all three are estimates of the same underlying quantity.
In contrast, the structural equation model pools information from variables measuring the same underlying quantity to obtain a stronger and more parsimonious analysis of the dose response relationship.
Since different features (e.g., average or standard deviation, global or local features) based on the same underlying quantity (e.g., "lumen roundness") generally have similar relevance, we examined the average relevance of features in each of 17 feature categories, for each data set.
We argue that the metrics are estimates of different underlying quantities, and therefore heterogeneity in the concentration-response estimates (per unit increase) across the metrics should be expected.
This is comparable to the complex results found in other studies (Forster and Gilligan, 2007; Rowthorn et al., 2009; Klepac et al., 2011) although the underlying mechanism and quantities optimised are difference.
The underlying idea is that the quantity of FDG activity in the tumor correlates with viable tumor cell number and thus with prognosis.
For cigarette use, a beta value of 0.87 and an upper confidence interval including 1 provided evidence that the underlying liabilities for initiation and quantity of use may lie on the same continuum.
