The underlying chance-constrained optimization problem is solved using a gradient-based algorithm once it has been approximated by a deterministic optimization problem.
The rise in the underlying temperature has "considerably increased" the chance of summer heatwaves and extreme heatwaves, according to the research by the Met Office.
Well, now that we're past the initial phases of crisis management, Congress has a chance to address the underlying issues in a fundamental way.
In addition, the simulation result of the process model is applied to analyse the value of retrofitting flexibility and the economic-viable chance of retrofitting the underlying project through a real option analysis model.
The importance we assign to a signal generated by a noxious state, its salience, reflects our belief as to how likely the underlying situation is to impact our chance of survival.
Going into Wednesday night's debate, Mitt Romney has a decent chance to alter the underlying dynamics of the campaign and achieve a somewhat more favorable position to close the gap with President Barack Obama in the remaining weeks of the race.
In case we find more than one high scoring domain interaction, we choose the highest scoring one, according to the statistical argument that domain interactions with higher expectation score have a better chance to explain the underlying protein interaction.
As the index patient had been diagnosed with DCM due to the strong left ventricular dysfunction, we would not have had a realistic chance to identify the underlying genetic defect in the family described, if there had been no additional phenotypes.
This means that the intervention is expected to be cost-saving at a 98% chance in spite of the underlying uncertainty in the parameter values.
An option is more valuable when the underlying share gyrates, giving its holder many chances to cash it in.
