We show herein that the ultimate probabilities of the different classes of codon mutation are complicated, nonlinear functions of the Taq misincorporation probabilities.
This theory predicts that the ultimate fixation probability of a novel neutral mutation (which is initially present as a single copy) is equal to 1/(2 Ne), where Ne is the effective size of the population (Kimura 1983).
At the ultimate level, the probability to receive future help should be increased by preferably helping needy social partners for such discrimination mechanism to evolve.
ASTEROID strikes are the ultimate in low-probability, high-impact events.
It has been argued, however, that in both cases the ultimate justification for these probability distributions must be in terms of statistical patterns that ensembles of actual subsystems within a typical individual universe exhibit (Bell 1987, page 129, Dürr et al. 1992).
The probability of the stress exceeding the ultimate strength in an element determines the probability of fracture in this element and the relative micro-damage.
The probability of the ultimate buckling stress exceeding a predefined threshold stress is also calculated.
The paper is aimed at the probability study of the ultimate limit state of a steel compressed member designed economically according to EUROCODE 3. The theoretical failure probability (reliability index) vs. ratio of permanent to variable load action is calculated by means of the Monte Carlo simulation method.
Committing enhances the probability of achieving the ultimate objective of a plan, while if stakeholders do not commit, the effects of the plan may be less predictable.
May it become the ultimate source of new results in Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk and succeed to become a tool of knowledge and exchange for our community.
