Without OHCs, hearing threshold is elevated by 40 50 dB [ 13], frequency resolution deteriorates [ 14] and the ear's operation is linearized [ 15].
The reverse was true when the criterion model generated the data: the return threshold was elevated with the mean accumulation rate lying close to 1.
In cardiac papillary muscle from septic rats, action potential amplitude and rate of rise were reduced, while threshold was elevated.
In muscle from septic rats, action potentials were reduced in amplitude by 18.9 mV, threshold was elevated by 7 mV and rate of rise was decreased by 57%.
In the subject with the retinal scar, the contrast thresholds were elevated in the truncated quadrant containing the scar as confirmed by the Humphrey Visual Field.
Post hoc analyses indicated that in the nicotine-withdrawing rats treated with saline, the ICSS thresholds were elevated from 6 to 48 h after pump removal.
In the nicotine-withdrawing rats treated with varenicline, the ICSS thresholds were only elevated at one time point (36 h), and in the nicotine-withdrawing rats treated with cytosine, the ICSS thresholds were elevated at two time points (12 and 36 h).
The hearing thresholds were elevated in all infected animals and did not differ between the treatment groups.
We showed that the average ABR thresholds were elevated by about 30 dB SPL in homozygotes and by about 20 dB SPL in heterozygotes, when compared with wild-type mice, suggesting a conductive hearing loss (Fig. 3).
The ANOVA analysis indicated that ICSS thresholds were elevated in the nicotine-withdrawing rats and that the drug treatments (varenicline, cytisine, and 3-pyr-Cyt) differentially affected the nicotine-withdrawing and the control rats (Pump: F1,80=59.50, p<0.001; Drug: F3,80=7.50, p<0.001; Pump × Drug interaction: F3, 80=8.38, p<0.001; Figure 6).
In the Small Mask condition, thresholds were elevated by 70% on average (Standard Error 21%) relative to baseline [t(5) = 3.83, p<.02].
