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After its arrival, price competition grew so fierce that the central bank pointed to "widespread and persistent competition among retailers" as one reason why inflation remained unexpectedly low, which analysts soon dubbed the "Target effect".
Depending on the features of a test, how the test is administered and scored, and who the learners are, the target effect could be either overestimated or underestimated.
To reliably observe the target effect, P3d was obtained by subtracting the ERPs in response to standard stimuli from those in response to target stimuli (Figure 4).
To reliably observe the target effect, the difference waveform was obtained by subtracting ERPs in response to standard stimuli from ERPs in response to target stimuli (see Figure 2).
In contrast, the tested casearins induced no alteration in the permeability of plasma membrane of Leishmania parasites, suggesting that biochemical differences between Leishmania and T. cruzi plasma membrane might have contributed to the target effect of casearins on trypomastigotes.
Results from the between-subjects ANOVA relative to the target effect revealed no significant main effect or interaction with the between-subjects factor, reasserting that the reward related manipulations applied during training do not emerge in the form of target-selection biases in the current task (but see [28], Exp. 2).
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To ensure equipotency, the target effect-site concentrations employed (fentanyl, 8.1 ng/mL, and sufentanil, 0.68 ng/mL) were equal to the IC50 for electroencephalographic effect.
Therefore, in vitro CLSM and bio-TEM images present evidence about the target effects of nanovehicle with the OCMCS-FA modification.
Our preliminary results indicated that patients did not respond to command when the target effect-site concentration was 0.19 ng/ml, but did respond when the target effect-site concentration was 0.14 ng/ml.
The target effect-site concentration of each group during wake-up tests was defined as the preliminary result; beginning with 0.19 ng/ml, the concentration ratio was 1.05.
During this period, no cisatracurium besylate was injected, infusion pumps were stopped, the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane was 0, and the target concentrations of sufentanil in all groups were down-regulated to the target effect-site concentrations of 0.19, 0.1809, 0.1723, 0.1641, 0.1563, and 0.1489 ng/ml (target concentration ratio 1.05).
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