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The calibrating local curvatures for circles with radii from r = 2 to 120 pixel units are basically identical to the inverse of the radii of the target circles (=1/r) (Fig. 6).
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From the inverted results shown in Fig. 7d f, we can clearly see that the Young's modulus exhibits high anomalous values and Poisson's ratio shows low anomalous values in the target circled with dark ellipses, which means that the brittleness of the circled target is high.
Two additional beeps spaced 500 ms apart were heard once the target circle was reached to indicate how long subjects had to hold a steady hand position within the target circle.
Subjects were instructed to begin movement on the third beep and to try to reach the target circle by the fourth beep, 600 ms later.
We instructed the subjects that a rectangle would be presented to indicate that 1.6 seconds later it would flash again but quickly, containing or not the target circle.
The task assigned to them was to track the target shown on the screen as accurately as possible, in such a way that the target circle and the hand circle were at least touching each other.
In the learning phase subjects first performed 30 successful movements in the NF, where a successful movement was considered as one which ended within the allotted time and within the target circle.
Successful movements were completed within 1000 ms and finally the subject had to hold the cursor for 800 ms within the target circle (radius ∼1 cm) to obtain a juice reward.
The task of the participant was to instruct the experimenter to rotate the line around the start location until it matched the direction of the hand movement he or she thought appropriate to move the cursor from the start circle to the target circle.
The origin of the coordinate system was centered at the shoulder with the positive y-axis corresponding to the straight line from the shoulder joint to the target circle and with the positive x-axis corresponding to the line from the shoulder joint to the right direction.
Participants were required to memorize the positions of the other circles while searching for the target circle.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com