Sentence examples for the surface crust from inspiring English sources

As the planet's interior core cooled, it contracted, causing the surface crust to fracture into a rugged topography including steep cliffs.

Below the surface crust of the sand, our feet sank into an evil-smelling black mud, composed mostly of rotting weed.

Its dramatic history includes a period in the mid-1970s when peat burned underground for more than a year, wrapping walkers on the surface crust in sweet-smelling smoke.

Professor Stebbins became an active environmentalist in the 1970s after he noticed dune buggies and other off-road vehicles bouncing through the desert, destroying the surface crust that protects amphibians and reptiles and the vegetation they live on.

b) Approximate velocity of the surface crust on the lava lake for the same period.

This may suggest that the surface crust (initially spherical) is viscoelastic and deforms in response to drying stresses.

Radiocarbon measurements of occluded organic C in the surface crusts indicate that C cycling occurs at differing rates depending on local micrometeorological conditions, and that a given salt crust feature may persist for thousands of years once formed.

These historical activities were the main cause of the surface crusting, and the resultant low vegetation growth in the area.

Increasing the application rate enhanced the horizontal water movement markedly due to the soil surface crust effect, thus reducing the infiltration rate.

A slight difference in this case is the serious compaction close to the soil surface (crust formation) after two and three passes, although not very different from the pattern after three passes at 0.8 bar.

The globally distributed lobate scarps, however, suggest another explanation: later cooling of the planet's mantle, perhaps combined with freezing of part of its once totally molten core, caused the interior to shrink and the cold surface crust to buckle.