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All materials/questionnaires used in the study were translated into Thai and were tested for validity in the Thai population or have been published in past literature.
The version used in this study was translated into Chinese and then back-translated into English by two bilingual translators to ensure the accuracy of translation.
Finally, the studies were translated by the lead author into more abstract, overarching concepts, which were again discussed among all authors.
The WOMAC scoring method used in the present study was translated from the English version, and thus, we believe that its validity is similar as that reported in a previous study in Asian OA patients [ 14].
The contents of this study were translated into English by a bilingual translator with specific guidance from the research team, and all research members reviewed the translated manuscript.
All instruments used in this study were translated into the Slovak language.
The questionnaire for the present study is translated into English by the authors and is provided in Additional file 1.
In Figure 2, we provide evidence that mRNA for all of the proteins being used in the present study were translated after injection into Xenopus embryos.
Items gauging in-school physical activity and out-of-school physical activity, and out-of-school sedentary and travel behaviours developed for the IPEN – Adolescent study were translated from English into Chinese, adapted, and pilot tested.
Core curriculum implementation therefore refers to how the officially designed course of study is translated by the teacher into their own syllabi and delivered to students.
The predicted protein sequence described in our study is translated from the validated transcript of Adamts16.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com