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After a number of trials, day 2 of 5 F (48 hrs after 4 M) was chosen for 20E injection (Sigma Aldrich, USA) (3 μg/larva) and the controls were injected with the same volume of control solvent.
As described previously [ 13, 14], day 2 of the fifth instar larvae (48 hrs after the fourth molting) was chosen for 20E injection (Sigma Aldrich, USA) (5 μg/larva) and the controls were injected with the same volume of control solvent.
For oral dosing, 4 5 week old female Swiss-Webster mice were treated with 100 μL of BoNT/A complex (dose levels 500, 5000 or 50,000 ng/mL) or with the same volume of control phosphate gelatin buffer via gavage using Popper feeding needles.
Similar(57)
Negative controls were established by adding the same volume of control-lentivirus (i.e., containing no exogenous gene) for 48 h, and incubating the fibroblasts with (group EmptyLPS) or without (group Empty) LPS for 72 h.
Either ±ABA (Sigma) to a final concentration of 50 μM (indicated by + in the figure) or the same volume of solvent control (ethanol; indicated by in the figure) was added to the floating seedlings.
Cells were then treated with a range of concentrations of BEZ235 (0–1000 nM) or the same volume of DMSO control in fresh media for another 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively.
BmooMP α-II (10 μL/10 μL saline) or the same volume of saline (negative control) or 0.2 mol/L calcium chloride (positive control) was added to 200 μL of human PRP at 37°C.
or the same volume of saline for control group.
A total of 20ul of bacterial suspension (1 × 10 CFU/ml, MOI = 10 1) was used for infection or the same volume of PBS as control.
For β2-agonist experiments, mice were injected subcutaneously with 1 mg/kg bw clenbuterol (Sigma, USA) or the same volume of saline for control group.
Adult 6 8 week-old C57BL/6 female mice were injected intraperitoneally twice a week with poly I C (Sigma-Aldrich, St . Louis USA) (PBC model group) at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight or with the same volume of saline water (control group).
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