That is, 'Scott' refers to the referent of 'Scott' (i.e., (5)) because 'Scott' refers to Scott (i.e., (4)).
But substitution is illegitimate because 'so-called' refers to the expression preceding it and not merely the referent of that expression.
"Speaker's Reference and Semantic Reference" (1977), for example, explained discrepancies between what the rules of a language determine the referent of a term to be and what speakers use the term to refer to in particular cases.
Does it follow that whoever discovered the incompleteness of arithmetic is the referent of "Gödel"?
A restrictive relative clause is essential to the meaning of the sentence, often because it pinpoints the referent of the noun from among a set of alternatives.
While the referent of a nonreflexive pronoun clearly depends on context, the nature of these contextual restrictions is controversial.
Although they utter the same sentence, the referent of I as uttered by A is different from the referent of I as uttered by B. The truth conditions of the two utterances, therefore, will be different.
Here, my interest is more theoretical than methodological, as I hope, inductively, to identify the referent of "digital" with greater theoretical precision.
We obtained the parameter of pADSCs with 1.5 M glycerol at 32 °C and determined the accurate activation energies of glycerol permeability and the referent of glycerol permeability.
Thus, the referent of "the morning star" is the planet Venus, because the meaning of "the morning star" uniquely applies to that planet.
What ultimately determines the referent of an expression is what the person who uses it on a particular occasion has in mind.
