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where I and Q are the ideal coordinates of the constellation points, and are the errors at the received points, N is the number of received points of the constellation, and is the magnitude of the vector to the outermost state of the constellation.
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When the shot point is close to the receiving point, reflected waves usually reach the receiving point first.
Seismic waves initiated at the shot point may reach the receiving point by reflection, refraction, or both.
At a zero frequency value, this function represents a ratio of time-averaged intensity at the receiving point to time-averaged power input at the source point, and at all other frequencies the frequency response function represents a ratio of the amplitude of the fluctuating intensity at the receiving point to the amplitude of the fluctuating power at a source point.
In 1938, the station became the receiving point for the ten thousand Jewish children who escaped Nazi-occupied Europe on the Kindertransport, travelling ahead of the Holocaust.
Seismic waves initiated at a shot point at or near the surface may reach the receiving point by reflection, refraction, or both.
Time-division multiplexing involves a sequential action in which samples are selected in turn from a number of different measurement channels for transmission to the receiving point.
This model is able to separate the contribution of reflected sound and diffracted sound from the total sound pressure level at the receiving point, which can help indicate how best to improve the acoustical design of an open office.
The values from 1 to 9 in the x-axies of Figure 9 denote the receiving point positions.
Members who completed the survey received points in the Harris system that can be redeemed for products and services.
The members received points for participation in surveys, which they could exchange for gift vouchers.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com