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Knowledge-intensive EAs apply the available knowledge through (1) knowledge-dependent operators that modify specific decision variables by biasing them towards or away from predetermined values or (2) knowledge-dependent constraints that penalize or eliminate solutions that are inconsistent with the provided knowledge.
To obtain the best results for the fitting of the inferred network model to the expression data, it is necessary that the provided knowledge is flexibly integrated (referred to as soft integration in the literature [ 54]).
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The questions and the summations of the statements provided knowledge about our collective understanding and presumptions.
AH initiated the study, provided knowledge on the HA preparations and their clinical use, designed the study, and contributed to the manuscript.
A computer monitor positioned beyond the PFM in front of the subject provided knowledge of results about movement duration (SHORT, LONG, OK) and final hand position (OUT, OK).
From the perspective of family caregivers, the intervention provided knowledge in palliative care and practical and emotional support.
Initial work by the Forestry Branch of the Lands Department and subsequent research undertaken by the Forest Service provided knowledge on species suitability, growth rates and planting techniques.
The decomposition process provided knowledge on the stylized facts of the international wheat and rice quarterly prices.
The present study provided knowledge about the genetic diversity of the sortase A gene of S. mutans in children with no caries and those with high-severity caries.
These studies have provided knowledge about the tremendous neural plasticity of the brain during the recovery period after surgical intervention.
The remainder of services provided knowledge or exercise only.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com