For each course of evolution under a fixed mutation rate, the proportionality between Vg and Vip is derived, since the genetic variance increases roughly proportionally to the mutation rate[18].
Rumford's observation of the proportionality between heat generated and work done lies at the foundation of thermodynamics.
Various ways of altering the proportionality between voting rights and the underlying share of ownership are common across Europe and elsewhere, even though many pundits, and most institutional investors, think that this short-changes some shareholders.
Austausch coefficient, also called exchange coefficient, eddy coefficient, or eddy diffusivity, in fluid mechanics, particularly in its applications to meteorology and oceanography, the proportionality between the rate of transport of a component of a turbulent fluid and the rate of change of density of the component.
Thus, the arrangement of the whorls on a pinecone or pineapple, of petals on a sunflower, and of branches from some stems follows a sequence of Fibonacci numbers or the series of fractions The creation and analysis of optical illusions may involve mathematical and geometric principles such as the proportionality between the areas of similar figures and the squares of their linear dimensions.
The magnitude of this internal molecular friction, called the viscosity, can be identified as the proportionality between the magnitude of the shearing stress and the rate at which momentum is transported between adjacent layers (i.e., in directions perpendicular to that of the stress and the flow).
The proportionality between transmission time delay and incident power confirms photon (field) storage within the RPC.
Table 6 shows the proportionality between x-parallax disparity and ground height for each method.
The proportionality between I p and D R is not clear, especially for the tremor signals (Fig. 5c).
Therefore, non-Newtonian fluid is fluid where the proportionality between the stress and strain is not linear.
The proportionality between σc and V and that between dRc and dV/ VE — V) are inherent empirical conditions.
